European Commission Proposes Industrial Battery Performance And Durability Rules

The draft creates no new duty today. The Commission must adopt the act and publish it in the Official Journal before it can enter into force. The text provides for entry into force 20 days after publication. Under Article 10(2) of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, the minimum values would apply from 18 August 2027 or 18 months after the delegated act enters into force, whichever is later.

The parent Regulation required the Commission to adopt this delegated act by 18 February 2026. Publishing a draft on 29 September does not satisfy that adoption deadline. Existing Batteries Regulation duties remain unchanged, including the battery-passport requirement from 18 February 2027 for electric-vehicle batteries, light means of transport batteries and industrial batteries above 2 kWh.

Thresholds Vary By Industrial Battery Use

The proposed thresholds depend on how the battery is used. A repetitive energy-supply battery is defined by at least 40 full equivalent cycles a year. An on-demand battery falls below that level. Non-lead residential battery energy-storage systems would need adjusted capacity fade below 4%, expected lifetime above 3,000 full equivalent cycles and energy round-trip efficiency above 93%.

Other non-lead repetitive energy-supply batteries would face adjusted fade below 10% and expected lifetime above 1,000 cycles. Lead-based equivalents would face below 15% fade and above 500 cycles. On-demand batteries would need adjusted fade below 5% and expected lifetime above 10 years. Dual-use batteries would follow the repetitive-use requirements.

Capacity fade would be evaluated over at least 152 days or 350 full equivalent cycles. The result would be adjusted for ambient temperature, depth of discharge and C-rate. These are category-level thresholds rather than universal guarantees for every application. Batteries used exclusively for external storage are excluded, and defence products remain outside the Batteries Regulation's scope.

The draft also preserves routes for second-life, reused, repurposed and remanufactured batteries. Compliance could be demonstrated through earlier conformity, relevant Euro 7 or United Nations Global Technical Regulation No. 22 evidence, or operational data with adapted values.

Battery Passports Gain Standards-Based Identifiers

The proposal would require QR codes that comply with EN 18220:2026 and unique identifiers that comply with EN 18219:2026, or equivalent standards. It also refines technical and safety definitions. The changes include treating internal short circuit through thermal-propagation protection and recording the evolution of self-discharging where possible.

Manufacturers and importers should map each battery model to its proposed category. They should assemble cycle, fade, efficiency and operating-condition evidence, then test whether passport systems can support the proposed standards. Equipment makers and downstream users should clarify who controls operating data and future updates.

The stress-adjusted fade test makes data quality as important as the headline threshold. Suppliers that cannot document temperature, depth-of-discharge and C-rate conditions may struggle to demonstrate comparability even where a product appears to meet the numerical limit.

Summary

Manufacturers should build a model-level gap assessment against the proposed thresholds and identifier standards. They should keep those draft requirements separate from current legal obligations until the Commission adopts the act and it enters into force.